Thomas Woodrow Wilson
During the 1912 presidential elections he won by a landslide.
During his two terms as president (1913-1921) he carried out the New Liberty program and reorganized the banking system of the United States with the creation of a central bank (the Federal Reserve in 1913). He developed a progressive federal tax on personal income, introduced the direct elections, used the power of State in order to fight against monopolies and tried to stop alcohol prohibition.
But it was in foreign policy where he had to face the biggest challenges. Before the attacks in the southwestern United States by Mexican revolutionary Pancho Villa, he sent a military expedition to Mexico in 1916, but he failed to regain it.
In 1918, President Wilson formulated a program of fourteen points that would inspire peace treaties and post-war order marked by the revenge and territorial ambitions of the victors.
Disappointed by the commitments, he was forced to accept the return of the United States without the creation of the League of Nations.
At that time, the republican opposition obtained a majority in Congress and the disapproval of Wilson's politics.
Wilson launched a campaign in order to win over public opinion but a collapse distanced him from political activity leaving him crippled for the rest of his term. In 1919 he received the Nobel Peace Prize.