“Babar” author Laurent de Brunhoff, who revived his father’s popular picture book series about an elephant king and presided over its rise to a global multimedia franchise, has died at 98 years old. De Brunhoff, a Paris native who moved to the United States in the 1980s, died at his home in Key West, Florida, after being in hospice care for two weeks, according to his widow, Phyllis Rose.

De Brunhoff was only 12 years old when his father, Jean de Brunhoff, died of tuberculosis, but he was an adult when he drew upon his gifts as a painter and storyteller and released dozens of books about the elephant who reigns over Celesteville, among them “Babar at the Circus” and “Babar’s Yoga for Elephants.” He preferred using fewer words than his father did, but his illustrations faithfully imitated his father’s understated, gentle style.

Author Ann S. Haskell wrote in The New York Times in 1981, “Together, father and son have woven a fictive world so seamless that it is nearly impossible to detect where one stopped and the other started.” The series has sold millions of copies worldwide and was adapted for a television program with such animated features as “Babar: The Movie” and “Babar: King of the Elephants.” Fans ranged from Charles de Gaulle to Maurice Sendak, who once wrote, “If he had come my way, how I would have welcomed that little elephant and smothered him with affection.”

De Brunhoff would say of his creation, “Babar, c’est moi” (“that’s me”), telling National Geographic in 2014 that “he’s been my whole life, for years and years, drawing the elephant.” The books’ appeal was far from universal. Some parents shied from the passage in the debut, “The Story of Babar, the Little Elephant,” about Babar’s mother being shot and killed by hunters. Numerous critics called the series racist and colonialist, citing Babar’s education in Paris and its influence on his (presumed) Africa-based regime.

In 1983, Chilean author Ariel Dorfman called the books an “implicit history that justifies and rationalizes the motives behind an international situation in which some countries have everything and other countries almost nothing.” She wrote, “Babar’s history is none other than the fulfillment of the dominant countries’ colonial dream.” Adam Gopnik, a Paris-based correspondent for The New Yorker, defended “Babar,” writing in 2008 that it “is not an unconscious expression of the French colonial imagination; it is a self-conscious comedy about the French colonial imagination and its close relation to the French domestic imagination.”

De Brunhoff himself acknowledged finding it “a little embarrassing to see Babar fighting with Black people in Africa. He especially regretted “Babar’s Picnic,” a 1949 publication that included crude caricatures of Blacks and American Indians, and asked his publisher to withdraw it. De Brunhoff was the eldest of three sons born to Jean de Brunhoff and Cecile de Brunhoff, a painter. Babar was created when Cecile de Brunhoff, the namesake for the elephant’s kingdom and Babar’s wife, improvised a story for her kids.

De Brunhoff was married twice, most recently to the critic and biographer Phyllis Rose, who wrote the text to many of the recent “Babar” publications, including the 2017 release billed as the finale, “Babar’s Guide to Paris.” He had two children, Anne and Antoine, but the author did not consciously write for young people. “I never really think of children when I do my books,” he told the Wall Street Journal in 2017. “Babar was my friend, and I invented stories with him, but not with kids in a corner of my mind. I write it for myself.”