Associated Press
Washington, July 16 – Declaring a “moment of choice” in the Middle East, President George W. Bush said Monday he would call Israel, the Palestinians and others in the region to a peace conference aimed at restarting stalled talks and moving faster toward a Palestinian state.
Such a session could result in Israelis sitting at the same conference table as countries such as Saudi Arabia that do not recognize Israel diplomatically.
Bush said the conference, open to countries in the region that support a two-state solution to the long Israeli-Palestinian standoff, would be headed by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice.
He also pledged more U.S. financial support for the moderate Palestinian government of Mahmoud Abbas and called for the convening of a group of donor countries to increase international financial aid, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Jordan.
In an appeal directed at the divided Palestinian people, Bush drew a contrast between what he said life would be like under an Abbas government and under the rule of the Islamic militant group Hamas, which gained authority over Gaza in June. Abbas now controls only the West Bank.
“This is a moment of clarity for all Palestinians. And now comes a moment of choice,” Bush said in a speech intended to signal a new resolve on the part of his administration to help restart the stalled peace process.
“Iraq is not the only pivotal matter in the Middle East,” Bush said.
He said that many changes had come, “some hopeful, some dispiriting,” in the more than five years since he became the first U.S. president to voice full, open support for a separate, independent Palestine alongside Israel.
He said Abbas and his new prime minister, Salam Fayyad, “are striving to build the institutions of a modern democracy” while Hamas “has demonstrated beyond all doubt that it is devoted to extremism and murder.”
Only the Palestinians can decide which of these two paths to follow, Bush said.
His remarks drew taunts from Hamas.
In Gaza, Hamas spokesman Sami Abu Zuhri said, “Bush’s statements come in the context of garnering support for Abbas to fight Palestinian legitimacy, represented by Hamas.”
“We affirm that all promises made by Bush are false promises. The promise to form a Palestinian state is old. It will not be implemented. The opposite, instead, has happened. Instead of two states, he has divided our people into two governments,” said the Hamas spokesman.
Israel welcomed Bush’s remarks. “We share his vision of two states and the need to support the moderate Palestinians who believe in peace,” said Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesman Mark Regev. “Moving forward in the peace process demands zero tolerance for terrorism,” Regev added.
Bush voiced strong support for Abbas and his moderate government. He noted that the United States has pledged more than $190 million (€137.8 million) in direct assistance to the Palestinians, most of it already approved, and that the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, a quasi-governmental unit, was making another $228 million (€165.4 million) available in loan guarantees.
Bush also announced that his administration would “make a direct contribution of $80 million (€58 million) to help Palestinians reform their security services.”
Administration officials said that Bush weighed recommendations from former British Prime Minister Tony Blair in deciding whether to pledge additional sums.
Blair was recently named as special envoy to the region by the “Quartet” of Mideast peace makers – the U.S., European Union, United Nations and Russia. Blair will meet with Rice and her Quartet counterparts in Portugal on Thursday.
White House spokesman Tony Snow said, “With all this assistance, we are showing the Palestinian people that a commitment to peace leads to the generous support of the United States.”
The conference would be a dramatic way to try to jump-start the peace process, a rare session among Israel and some Arab states that do not have formal diplomatic relations with Israel.
Bush said the conference would include only “nations that support a two-state solution, reject violence, recognize Israel’s right to exist, and commit to all previous agreements between the parties.”
The administration did not indicate where the conference would be held.
In addition to Egypt and Jordan, which do have formal relations with Israel, it seemed possible that Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen might attend. Bigger question marks were Iraq, Syria and Lebanon.
“We wouldn’t be launching ourselves on this enterprise if we didn’t feel some confidence that there is a willingness in the region to embrace the path to peace,” said Assistant Secretary of State David Welch, the State Department’s top diplomat for the Middle East. “We believe that this is a moment for everybody to push the go button and try and make this work.”
Bush called on Israel to remove unauthorized outposts in Palestinian territory and end settlement expansion. And he urged Israel to continue releasing tax revenues to the Palestinian authority.
At the same time, the Palestinian government “must arrest terrorists, dismantle their infrastructure and confiscate illegal weapons,” Bush said. “They must work to stop attacks on Israel, and to free the Israeli soldier held hostage by extremists. ”
Bush said that in terms of creation of a Palestinian state, there is “a level of consensus never before seen on this crucial issue.”
Separately, Bush called King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah II of Jordan and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak on Monday afternoon, said White House spokesman Gordon Johndroe.
The president urged them to “continue to provide full support” to efforts by Abbas and Fayyad in working with Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert “to make progress toward the realization of the vision of two states, Israel and Palestine, living side by side in peace and security,” Johndroe said.
Bush also called Abbas to discuss his Middle East speech and to “reiterate his support,” Johndroe said.

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